It results from severe vasospasm
in response to
a temperature change, causes
marked and typically sharply demarcated pallor of one or more digits. As
circulation recovers, the digit becomes blue (cyanotic) and then bright red
because of rebound
hyperaemia — the triphasic
response. Raynaud ’s is commoner in
females than males. In young
women the condition is often a harm less nuisance, requiring warm gloves and
sometimes vasodilators.
Its onset for the first time in
older people warrants investigation.
Raynaud ’s may also be part of a
systemic autoimmune disorder
(rheumatoid arthritis, systemic
lupus erythematosus, or systemic
sclerosis), and it occasionally
leads to necrosis. When associated with rheumatoid disease, Raynaud’s can be extremely
severe and requires specialist referral. It can also occur in people who use
vibrating tools. Roughly two out of
three patients with primary Raynaud ’s phenomenon have spontaneous
resolution of their symptoms (Spencer - Green, 1998).
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